Silane (SiH4)

Tetrahedral Group-14 hydride; starting point for discussing band gaps in extended solids vs molecules. Teaching note: figures illustrate qualitative electronic structure; quantitative benchmarking should use larger bases, dispersion, and experimental structures.

Geometry
Tetrahedral
Polarity
Nonpolar
Bond angle
109.5°
Hybridisation
sp3
VSEPR
AX4
Bonds
4 σ bonds
Molecular orbitals
8 valence MOs; longer Si–H bonds vs methane example.
SMILES
[SiH4]

Electron density: spin-paired GPAW (PBE) on an isolated gas-phase geometry; molecular orbitals: restricted mean-field RHF with sto-3g in PySCF unless noted.

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